对于双向情感障碍——你可以做些什么？

精灵娃娃

LEARNING TO COPE WITH BIPOLAR DISORDER
Another important part of treatment is education. The more you
and your family and loved ones learn about bipolar disorder and its
treatment, the better you will be able to cope with it.
Is there anything I can do to help my treatment?
Absolutely, yes. First, you should become an expert on your
illness. Since bipolar disorder is a lifetime condition, it is essential
that you and your family or others close to you learn all about it
and its treatment. Read books, attend lectures, talk to your doctor
or therapist, and consider joining a chapter of the National Depres-sive
and Manic-Depressive Association (NDMDA) or the National
Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI) near you to stay up to date on
medical and other developments, as well as to learn from others
about managing the illness. Being an informed patient is the surest
path to success.
You can often help reduce the minor mood swings and stresses
that sometimes lead to more severe episodes by paying attention to
the following:
● Maintain a stable sleep pattern. Go to bed around the same
time each night and get up about the same time each morning.
Disrupted sleep patterns appear to cause chemical changes in
your body that can trigger mood episodes. If you have to take a
trip where you will change time zones and might have jet lag, get
advice from your doctor.
● Maintain a regular pattern of activity. Don’t be frenetic or drive
yourself impossibly hard.
● Do not use alcohol or illicit drugs. Drugs and alcohol can
trigger mood episodes and interfere with the effectiveness of
psychiatric medications. You may sometimes find it tempting to
use alcohol or illicit drugs to “treat” your own mood or sleep
problems—but this almost always makes matters worse. If you
have a problem with substances, ask your doctor for help and
consider self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous. Be very
careful about “everyday” use of small amounts of alcohol, caf-feine,
and some over-the-counter medications for colds, allergies,
or pain. Even small amounts of these substances can interfere
with sleep, mood, or your medicine. It may not seem fair that
you have to deprive yourself of a cocktail before dinner or a
morning cup of coffee, but for many people this can be the
“straw that breaks the camel’s back.”
● Enlist the support of family and friends. However, remember
that it is not always easy to live with someone who has mood
swings. If all of you learn as much as possible about bipolar dis-order,
you will be better able to help reduce the inevitable stress
on relationships that the disorder can cause. Even the “calmest”
family will sometimes need outside help dealing with the stress
of a loved one who has continued symptoms. Ask your doctor or
therapist to help educate both you and your family about bipolar
disorder. Family therapy or joining a support group can also be
very helpful.
● Try to reduce stress at work. Of course, you want to do your
very best at work. However, keep in mind that avoiding relapses
is more important and will, in the long run, increase your overall
productivity. Try to keep predictable hours that allow you to get
to sleep at a reasonable time. If mood symptoms interfere with
your ability to work, discuss with your doctor whether to “tough
it out” or take time off. How much to discuss openly with em-ployers
and coworkers is ultimately up to you. If you are unable
to work, you might have a family member tell your employer
that you are not feeling well and that you are under a doctor’s
care and will return to work as soon as possible.
● Learn to recognize the “early warning signs” of a new mood
episode. Early signs of a mood episode differ from person to
person and are different for mood elevations and depressions.
The better you are at spotting your own early warning signs, the
faster you can get help. Slight changes in mood, sleep, energy,
self-esteem, sexual interest, concentration, willingness to take on
new projects, thoughts of death (or sudden optimism), and even
changes in dress and grooming may be early warnings of an
impending high or low. Pay special attention to a change in your
sleep pattern, because this is a common clue that trouble is
brewing. Since loss of insight may be an early sign of an im-pending
mood episode, don’t hesitate to ask your family to
watch for early warnings that you may be missing.
● Consider entering a clinical study.
What if you feel like quitting treatment?
It is normal to have occasional doubts and discomfort with
treatment. If you feel a treatment is not working or is causing
unpleasant side effects, tell your doctor—don’t stop or adjust your
medication on your own. Symptoms that come back after stopping
medication are sometimes much harder to treat. Don’t be shy
about asking your doctor to arrange for a second opinion if things
are not going well. Consultations can be a great help.
How often should I talk with my doctor?
During acute mania or depression, most people talk with their
doctor at least once a week, or even every day, to monitor symp-toms,
medication doses, and side effects. As you recover, contact
becomes less frequent; once you are well, you might see your
doctor for a quick review every few months.
Regardless of scheduled appointments or blood tests, call your
doctor if you have:
● Suicidal or violent feelings
● Changes in mood, sleep, or energy
● Changes in medication side effects
● A need to use over-the-counter medications such as cold medi-cine
or pain medicine
● Acute general medical illnesses or a need for surgery, extensive
dental care, or changes in other medicines you take

美惠子

你们这些学英语的大学生们能不能来翻译一下，我可一句也看不懂。

精灵娃娃

我很抱歉，没有时间和精力翻译。希望有空的朋友能过来翻一下。谢谢。

malnu

粗略翻译了一下，很久以前的了，不知现在美惠子姐姐和大家还有没有兴趣看。反正算自己给阳光卖一点力气吧。这样自己也有点成就感。
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
学会应对双相
治疗的另一重要部分是教育。你和家人爱人对双相及其治疗了解越多，应对就会越来越好。
我自己可以做些什么来辅助治疗吗？
当然可以。首先，你要成为自己疾病的专家。由于双相是一种终生的状况，你和家人及其他关系紧密的人必须要了解这种疾病和治疗的相关知识。读书、参加讲座、同医生交流，考虑加入全国抑郁与躁郁协会（NDMDA）或全国精神疾病联盟（NAMI）在当地的分会（译者注：这点我们就没希望了），这样可以使你了解关于医疗和其他方面的最新进展，并从其他人那里学到对付这种疾病的办法。要做个见识广博的病人是实现成功的最保险之路。
你可以通过注意下列建议，设法减少可能引起更严重状况的情绪摇摆与紧张：
●        保持稳定的睡眠习惯。晚上在固定的时候就寝，清早在固定时间起床。睡眠习惯不规律很可能会导致体内化学物质变化，并引发情绪波动。如果必须进行跨时区有时差的旅行，先咨询医生。
●        保持稳定的活动习惯。不要过于狂热或过于严酷地逼迫自己。
●        不要滥用酒精或违禁药品。毒品和酒精可以引发情绪波动并影响精神类药品的效用。有时用酒精或违禁药品解决情绪或睡眠问题似乎很诱人，但这几乎无一例外地会使状况恶化。如果你确有物质滥用的问题，那么向你的医生求助并考虑加入一些如“匿外酗酒者”之类的自助团体。对“日常”使用小剂量的酒精、咖啡因、和一些治疗感冒、过敏或止痛的非处方药一定要多加小心。这类物质即使小剂量使用也会影响睡眠、情绪或你使用的药品。可能剥夺了你晚饭前来杯鸡尾酒或早上来杯咖啡的乐趣不大公平，但对许多人来说，这都可能是那支“压垮骆驼脊梁的稻草”（即临界点上那本不该起那么大作用的东西）。
●        争取家人朋友的支持。但要记住，与有情绪反复的人生活不是件容易的事。如果你们都能尽可能多地了解双相，你就是更好地减少双相可能引起的人际关系紧张。面对心爱的家人不断出现症状，即使是最平静的家庭有时也需要外来的帮助以应对这种压力。让医疗帮助你和家人了解双相。家庭治疗或加入支持型群体都可以对病情非常有益。
●        尽量减少工作上的压力。当然你希望把工作做到最好。但要记得，避免复发更重要，而且从长计议会增强你的全面工作效力。尽量预留出一定时间保证你能在合理的时间睡眠。如果情绪症状影响到了你的工作能力，那么与医生讨论是“挺过去”还是休息一段时间。与老板和同事开城布公到何种程度最终取决于你自己。如果你不能工作，你可以让家人告诉老板你身体不好，现在医生看护阶段，会尽快回到岗位。
●        学会认知下一次波动的“早期预警信号”。这种信号因人而异并且在躁期或郁期也有所不同。早期信号观察得越准确，得到帮助也会越快。情绪、睡眠、精力、自信、性趣、注意力、从事新事物的意愿、对死亡的想法（或突发乐观），甚至衣着和打扮上的微小变化都可能是即将来临的情绪涨落的信号。特别注意你的睡眠模式，因为这是麻烦酝酿的常见线索。由于情绪波动来临前往往丧失洞察力，所以也要让家人帮助观察你可能忽略的早期警报。
●        考虑参加临床学习。
如果想放弃治疗怎么办？
对治疗偶尔的怀疑或不适是正常的。如果你感觉一种治疗方式不起作用或导致不良副作用，告诉你的医生――不要自已停药或调整用药。停药后复发的症状有时更难治疗。如果事情进展不顺利，不要羞于要求医生二次诊治。咨询可能起到很大帮助。
我和医生多长时间谈话一次？
在急性躁期或郁期，大多数人至少每周与医生谈话一次，甚至每天都谈，以便监控症状、药量和副作用。恢复期中联系频度减少；康复之外可以几个月与医生回顾一下情况。
有以下状况时，无论预约时间或验血结果如何，均应与医生电话联系：
●        自杀或暴力倾向
●        情绪、睡眠或精力变化
●        药品副作用变化
●        需要使用感冒药或止痛药等非处方药
●        急性的一般疾病或需要手术、牙科护理或所服用的其他药物变化

cocofu

谢谢 malnu

学到了很多东西
比如睡眠和活动都要规律，一切都要按习惯平和发展，努力也要放在平时“润物细无声”
还有提醒大家，因为药物使体重增加的朋友千万不要碰触减肥药，否则会和药性冲突的

malnu

呵呵，谢谢版主谬赞。我倒没觉得有什么新的东东，似乎大家都谈过这些。要谢楼主找这些东东。

徐玉友

谢谢,睡眠和活动都要规律,我会记得

malnu

谢谢楼上翻出这则旧贴。

翻译这篇东西时我正处在抑郁中，不知道大家看不看得出来。

aycmj

纳兰朋友的英语很好啊 可以介绍一下你自己吗 年龄 学历 病程等等 认识一下

malnu

关于病程这个贴子就可以做一个风向标，这是我注册阳光后不久发的贴，而当时正处于我最近一次抑郁中。。。

wjyuyu

嗯，如此说来，再过上一个多月，纳兰版就相对稳定两年了，可喜可贺呀！

oyan567

纳兰好厉害啊
我还在读这篇英语

现在努力学习英语
以后能为大家翻译
虽然现在我在背单词