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Clinical Psychology-Introduction__and_Overview zz

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1#
发表于 04-6-8 00:17:56 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
[size=24b]        INTRODUCTION TO
       CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
         Lecture one[/i:ad81b04f1b][/sizeb]

[size=18b]      ? ?For copyright issues, please do not
      ? ?e this for purposes other than a
      ? ?ading material, many thx, Jung[/sizeb]
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2#
 楼主| 发表于 04-6-8 00:20:49 | 只看该作者
     Aims[/size:3b3881cdb8]

[size=188]• Overview of main psychological disorders
(Mental Health Problems)
• Understanding of causes from a
psychological perspective
• Introduction to psychological therapies[/size8]
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3#
 楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 00:42:10 | 只看该作者
[listf]
3[/size:d5e893c32f]
Commonly asked questions[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=22:d5e893c32f] Why did you get into it? [/sizef]
    (accusing)[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=22:d5e893c32f] can you read MY mind? [/sizef]
    (defensive, and [/size:d5e893c32f]
    egocentric)[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=22:d5e893c32f] It MUST be miserable? [/sizef]
    (judgmental)[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=22:d5e893c32f] Is it different to psychiatry? [/sizef]
    (engaging?)[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=22:d5e893c32f] …..any other?[/sizef]

    Clinical Psychology[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=19:d5e893c32f] Deals with disorders in which there are a mix of [/sizef]
    emotional, cognitive and behavioural issues[/size:d5e893c32f]
  • [size=19:d5e893c32f] Aims to provide an understanding of:[/sizef]
    – Causes of MHP[/size:d5e893c32f]
    – the features and symptoms[/size:d5e893c32f]
    – The prevalence of MHP [/size:d5e893c32f]
    – Treatment approaches[/size:d5e893c32f]
    [/list:d5e893c32f]
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    4#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 00:42:36 | 只看该作者
    [listb]
    4[/size:e5eef50feb]
    Clinical Psychology[/size:e5eef50feb]
  • [size=22:e5eef50feb] Services provided in:[/sizeb]
    – Adult Mental Health[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – Child & Adolescent[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – Learning Disability[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – Older Adults[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – Neuropsychology[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – Forensic[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – Physical Health[/size:e5eef50feb]

    Scale of mental health problems (MHP)[/size:e5eef50feb]
  • [size=19:e5eef50feb] WHO survey of 25,000 people in 14 countries:[/sizeb]
  • [size=16:e5eef50feb] 25% had a MHP, e.g.[/sizeb]
    – 10% had depression[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – 8% an anxiety disorder[/size:e5eef50feb]
    – 3% had harmful use of alcohol[/size:e5eef50feb]
    [/list:e5eef50feb]
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    5#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 00:44:52 | 只看该作者
    [lista]
    5[/size:4085d3407a]
    Scale of MHP (2) [/size:4085d3407a]
  • [size=19:4085d3407a] In the UK[/sizea]
    – 20% of all adults at any one time have some mental [/size:4085d3407a]
    health problem (MHP)[/size:4085d3407a]
    – 55% of all adults will, at some point, be clinically[/size:4085d3407a]
    depressed[/size:4085d3407a]
    – 3-6% of all adults will have important symptoms of [/size:4085d3407a]
    anxiety [/size:4085d3407a]
    – 1% lifetime risk of schizophrenia[/size:4085d3407a]
    – 2-3% of population have a major drug dependence [/size:4085d3407a]
    – 1% of adolescent women have significant Anorexia[/size:4085d3407a]

    Scale of MHP (3)[/size:4085d3407a]
  • [size=16:4085d3407a] 40% of all consultations with GP's are to do with a MHP[/sizea]
  • [size=16:4085d3407a] 5% of all deaths (under75 years) are due to suicide – 5,000 [/sizea]
    annually in UK[/size:4085d3407a]
  • [size=16:4085d3407a] Suicide a major cause of death in group 15 to 25 age[/sizea]
  • [size=16:4085d3407a] symptoms such as poor sleep, fatigue and worry affect half [/sizea]
    [size=16:4085d3407a]the population at any one time and does not necessarily
    [/i:4085d3407a]
    lead to  a MHP ("…wishing you good mental health")[/size:4085d3407a]
    [/list:4085d3407a]
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    6#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 00:54:58 | 只看该作者
    [listc]
    6[/size:3cb289160c]
    Clinical Psychology: [/size:3cb289160c]
    Interventions[/size:3cb289160c]
    – What kind of treatment works for what kinds of [/size:3cb289160c]
    problems for what kinds of people, when, why and how[/size:3cb289160c]
    – Does depression last a lifetime or can it be treated by a [/size:3cb289160c]
    "talking therapy", a drug, or both?[/size:3cb289160c]
    – does family therapy rather than individual counselling [/size:3cb289160c]
    help someone be recover from symptoms of bulimia?[/size:3cb289160c]
    – Could early parenting style affect adolescent offending  [/size:3cb289160c]
    behaviour? could this be changed by parental counselling?[/size:3cb289160c]
    – the answers  might be complex, but there is evidence that [/size:3cb289160c]
    [size=13:3cb289160c]interventions work
    [/i:3cb289160c]

    Referral letter[/size:3cb289160c]
  • [size=17:3cb289160c] "CB is a very pleasant young man. He suffered a [/sizec]
    severe head injury on **/97. He also suffered [/size:3cb289160c]
    orthopaedic injuries to his legs. His recovery has [/size:3cb289160c]
    [size=19:3cb289160c]been remarkable. He is now fully mobile. His IQ
    [/i:3cb289160c]
    is unaffected. However, his memory for current [/size:3cb289160c]
    events and past life appears limited. He has taken [/size:3cb289160c]
    to staying at home, barely socialises, and seems to [/size:3cb289160c]
    need to check locks, cookers etc. before leaving [/size:3cb289160c]
    the house…I believe some psychological [/size:3cb289160c]
    intervention of some form may be helpful…"[/size:3cb289160c]
    – Consultant Neurologist Dr Redwood[/size:3cb289160c]
    [/list:3cb289160c]
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    7#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 01:22:15 | 只看该作者
    全贴上算了 sigh 不知道有人看没有。。
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    8#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 01:22:38 | 只看该作者
    [list1]
    7[/size:d4a9810361]
    [size=23:d4a9810361]Case illustration: CB Assessment
    [/b:d4a9810361]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] Pre-injury :  Systems analyst[/size1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] Traumatic Brain Injury in a road accident (RTA) aged 23[/size1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] Coma 4 weeks[/size1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] Cognitive function (thinking, reasoning etc.) fine[/size1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] Dense retrograde amnesia[/size1]
    – I.e. limited memory for [/size:d4a9810361]
    [list1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] People, even relatives[/size1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] events from childhood through to the accident[/size1]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] own likes or dislikes (but for Man.Utd)[/size1]
    [/list:d4a9810361]
  • [size=14:d4a9810361] Poor anterograde memory (everyday events since the accident)[/size1]

    [size=26:d4a9810361]CD: Self-report of symptoms
    [/b:d4a9810361]
  • [size=13:d4a9810361] did not "trust" himself to remember activities[/size1]
  • [size=13:d4a9810361] limited daily routine ("game boy thumb")[/size1]
  • [size=13:d4a9810361] occasional visits to a local shop but will check and re-check the house [/size1]
    before going[/size:d4a9810361]
    – Cooker "off", back door & front door "locked" (up to 20 times)[/size:d4a9810361]
    – tolerated  20 minute visit to a pub once  a week to socialise [/size:d4a9810361]
        – embarrassed  "don't know if I lent John something, might ask Steve for it [/size:d4a9810361]
        back…"[/size:d4a9810361]
        – "checked himself" for personal possessions "constantly"[/size:d4a9810361]
  • [size=16:d4a9810361] Poor sleep, appetite down, pessimistic, suicidal thoughts[/size1]
  • [size=16:d4a9810361] Family very worried as CB getting ++ withdrawn & [/size1]
    depressed[/size:d4a9810361]
    [/list:d4a9810361]
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    9#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:09:15 | 只看该作者
    slide 8 a

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    10#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:10:29 | 只看该作者
    [list6]
    [size=23:848e30c916]CB: emotional issues "underlying"[/b:848e30c916]
    [size=23:848e30c916]obsessive behaviour[/b:848e30c916]
  • [size=16:848e30c916] Attention & Memory:[/size6]
    – checking to "keep order" that he did what he thought he had[/size:848e30c916]
    ? compensatory behaviour for cognitive deficits[/size:848e30c916]
  • [size=16:848e30c916] Loss of self- control/ fear[/size6]
    ? checking a means of re-asserting sense of control[/size:848e30c916]
  • [size=16:848e30c916] Issues re: self-image[/size6]
    – said he "looked a mess" after his accident. Friends had said that he [/size:848e30c916]
    was good looking now, but he was "stuck" in a poor self image[/size:848e30c916]
    ? routines/checking "saves" from having to be with others[/size:848e30c916]
    [/list:848e30c916]
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    11#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:14:48 | 只看该作者
    9[/size:fa48ddf34d]
    [size=29:fa48ddf34d]CB: Interventions
    [/b:fa48ddf34d][listd]
  • [size=16:fa48ddf34d] Individual and Group therapy  (neuro and CBT)[/sized]
  • [size=13:fa48ddf34d] Palm-top organiser for long term & prospective (future) memory[/sized]
    – E.g. to meet friends at pub[/size:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=13:fa48ddf34d] Voice organiser for working memory[/sized]
    – E.g. "Dave said to meet at gym tomorrow"[/size:fa48ddf34d][/list:fa48ddf34d][listd]
  • [size=13:fa48ddf34d] breathing/tense-relax  exercises for general anxiety[/sized]
  • [size=13:fa48ddf34d] Attention training & CBT for managing worries[/sized]
  • [size=13:fa48ddf34d] hierarchical goals for graded exposure to:[/sized]
    – social activities[/size:fa48ddf34d]
    – community mobility[/size:fa48ddf34d]
    – physical activities[/size:fa48ddf34d]

    [size=24:fa48ddf34d]CB: working through a hierarchy
    [/b:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d]1 Making a call to a friend[list:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d] friends  only  "putting  up" with [/sized]
    me[/size:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d] won't    remember  what  talked [/sized]
    about[/size:fa48ddf34d][/list:fa48ddf34d][listd]
    2 Meeting  friends in a pub[/size:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d] leaving house [/sized]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d] Unable to keep track of [/sized]
    belongings/conversation[/size:fa48ddf34d][/list:fa48ddf34d][listd]
    3 Going to a club with friends[/size:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d] too many people/pushing [/sized]
  • [size=12:fa48ddf34d] losing friends and not getting [/sized]
    self home[/size:fa48ddf34d][/list:fa48ddf34d]
  • [size=13:fa48ddf34d] General Strategies:[/sized]
       Check evidence (negative "voice")[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       list chat items (check f-fax)[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       pad for notes [/size:fa48ddf34d]
       who-what-when-where[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       breathing exercises[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       listen to door "click"[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       visualise belongings at home[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       find quiet area[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       check breathing[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       visualise belongings at home[/size:fa48ddf34d]
       picture where things are [/size:fa48ddf34d]
       make "leaving" arrangements[/size:fa48ddf34d]
    [/list:fa48ddf34d]
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    12#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:41:58 | 只看该作者
    slides 10

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    13#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:44:31 | 只看该作者
    slides 11 a

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    14#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:45:02 | 只看该作者
    [listb]
    CB: Outcome[/size:b5e33d624b]

    "I've had my life back…I spent all the time since the [/size:b5e33d624b]
    accident at home watching TV..afraid that if I do [/size:b5e33d624b]
    something I'd look foolish… [now] every weekend, [/sizeb]
    [I'm with] friends…using [memory and anxiety [/sizeb]
    management] strategies... that was confusing for a [/sizeb]
    while but over time you get used to the new habits, [/size:b5e33d624b]
    and what technique to use where and when, and you [/size:b5e33d624b]
    get to trust [yourself]..and get confident..[but] you've [/sizeb]
    got to watch for that vicious cycle of withdrawal.."[/size:b5e33d624b]
    [/list:b5e33d624b]
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    15#
     楼主| 发表于 04-6-9 02:45:50 | 只看该作者
    [list2]
    12[/size:9392bae462]
    Main issues[/size:9392bae462]
  • [size=19:9392bae462] Assessment & Diagnosis is very important[/size2]
    – could be combination of anxiety disorder and/or [/size:9392bae462]
    depression and/or effects of neurological injury [/size:9392bae462]
    (medical aspects)[/size:9392bae462]
  • [size=19:9392bae462] Must be able to "see the person" not the diagnostic [/size2]
    label[/size:9392bae462]
  • [size=19:9392bae462] Treatment needs to be:[/size2]
    – Evidence based [/size:9392bae462]
    – monitored for effectiveness[/size:9392bae462]

    Structure of Course[/size:9392bae462]
  • [size=16:9392bae462] Lectures[/size2]
  • [size=16:9392bae462] Historical background[/size2]
    – Socio-cultural context of [/size:9392bae462]
    mental health issues[/size:9392bae462]
  • [size=16:9392bae462] Mental Health Disorders[/size2]
    – Mood disorders[/size:9392bae462][list2]
  • [size=12:9392bae462] Depression (I /II)[/size2]
  • [size=12:9392bae462] anxiety [/list:u:9392bae462]
    – Main forms (I)[/size:9392bae462]
    – PTSD (II)[/size:9392bae462]
    – Psychosis[/size:9392bae462]
    – Specialist services, e.g. [/size:9392bae462][list2]
  • [size=12:9392bae462] eating disorders[/size2]
  • [size=12:9392bae462] drug & alcohol[/list:u:9392bae462]
  • [size=19:9392bae462] Practicals[/size2]
    – Weeks 3 & 7[/size:9392bae462]
  • [size=19:9392bae462] Tutorials[/size2]
    – Weeks 4 & 8[/size:9392bae462]
    [/list:9392bae462]
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