波士顿大学翻译课家庭作业：关于自闭症

Charlie Z. Song

Autism is a complex developmental disability.  It is the result of a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain function, affecting development of the person's communication and social interaction skills.
自闭症是个很复杂的发育障碍。 患者的神经系统紊乱影响大脑功能的正常发挥，进而其沟通能力和社交互动能力也受到影响。



Symptoms include social deficits, cognitive deficits, and behavioral deficits or excesses. When Tony Li was 3, he did not meet his developmental milestones.  His speech was delayed.  He had difficulty initiating or maintaining a conversation.  He demonstrated little or no eye contact.  He was not able to articulate his needs, such as needing to go to the bathroom.  He often wet his bed.  He was referred by his pediatrician for an assessment by a licensed clinical psychologist.  Subsequently, he was referred for early intervention services.  
自闭症状包括社交障碍，认知障碍和行为障碍或者表现为行为过分。
当李托尼三岁的时候，他没有长到三岁应该有的样子。说话总是慢几拍。他引个话头或是把和别人的交流进行下去都有困难。 眼睛不敢或很少对视别人。他不能清楚的表达自己的需要，比方说想去洗手间。 他经常尿床。 他的儿科医生要他找执照临床心理医生做一次评估。接下来，他被引荐接受早期干预治疗。




Tony’s parents, despite their limited English skills, are supportive.  Their primary goal is for Tony to grow up healthy – physically, emotionally, and socially.      
From time to time, Tony’s mother is frustrated by her son’s behavior is public.  For example, at dim sum, Tony may suddenly become fixated on the waiter’s apron.  He would keep staring.  Or sometimes, Tony makes sudden noises and refuses to calm down.  Mrs. Li resorts to keeping Tony at home almost all the time.
托尼的父母英语不太好，但很支持他。他们就是想让托尼身体上，情绪上和社交上健健康康的成长起来。
托尼的妈妈对于其儿子在大庭广众面前的行为举止时时感觉沮丧。例如在点心店，托尼会突然目不转睛盯着服务员的围裙看个不停。他会看一个地方老半天。 或者有时候他会突然发作安静不下来。 李太太只好把托尼几乎一直关在家里。



In the third grade, Tony refuses to go to school everyday.  He is often mad and agitated when his mom gets him ready for school.
三年级了，托尼每天都不想去学校。每次妈妈帮他收拾妥当去上学的时候他易怒烦乱焦虑。


Tony is in the 6th grade.  Tony is supported by an IEP.  Tony’s support services include a smaller classroom setting, a school psychologist, and a speech therapist
Tony is meeting expectations in English, math, science, and biology.  Socially, Tony has one friend he is closed to.  Tony likes going to class.  Tony likes the attention that he is getting from his teachers and his school social worker.  
托尼现在6年级了。有一个个人教育计划是专门为托尼制定来支持他的。 计划包括他在小课堂上课，学校给他配专职心理专家和语言治疗专家。



Tony seems to be happy and stable now.  Mr. Li is worried that as his son and his peers enter their teenage years, his deficit in social skills and his autistic behaviors will create difficult challenges for him.  He is concerned that he and his wife may not be able to help Tony in maintaining control.
托尼现在看起来很高兴，情绪稳定。 李先生开始担心他的儿子和同伴们都进入少年期，托尼的社交技能缺陷及自闭表现会是个颇具难度的挑战。李先生担心他和他妻子在帮助托尼控制局面方面无能为力。




On recommendation of the school, Mr. Li found an Autism Support Center.  Luckily he found a Mandarin speaking parent support group.  Through communication and exchange with other parents, he is able to understand how to better help his son.  The Center also organizes activities and outings geared toward his son.  Mr. Li realizes that his son benefits from the social opportunities with other kids.  He and his wife appreciate being understood as other parents are going through similar dilemmas.
Mr. Li also found out upon graduating from high school, to help his son in becoming independent as he transitions out of the school system, his son may be eligible for support services with the Department of Mental Retardation.
听了学校的建议，李先生找到了自闭症援助中心。他很幸运找到了父母互助小组，他们讲普通话。 通过和其他父母沟通交流看法，他知道怎么进一步更好的帮助他儿子。该中心也特别针对他儿子的情况组织郊游活动。他和妻子都心存感激得到理解共鸣，因为其他父母正在经历相似的困境。李先生还发现一旦他高中毕业，从学校系统迁移出来，帮助他儿子自立，托尼可能会有资格享受智力迟钝部门所提供的援助服务。



Learning about autism and understanding that certain behaviors are not their child’s fault, but simply an expression of autism’s symptoms, enable the family to cope with autism as a family much better.
了解一些自闭症知识，弄明白某些行为举止不是他们小孩的错，而只是自闭症症状的一个表现而已，使得一个家庭作为一个整体有能力来面对自闭症的挑战。

Charlie Z. Song

俺正在翻译，有兴趣的战友们欢迎一起掺合掺合。。。

blackeye

查理能给个原文链接吗？这是你的作业吗？翻出来可以贴到译言里，为孤独症小组增加一篇译文。

Charlie Z. Song

是俺的作业，昨天刚翻译出来，俺要问问老师给个原文链接。。。。

Charlie Z. Song

Hi Charlie:

I do not have an article link.  The article was drafted by me a few days ago for purposes of this class.  Please feel free to use it.