wiki上关于轻躁狂(hypomania)向躁狂(mania)转向的可能性翻译

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轻躁狂
是一种持续的，充斥着高涨、易激奋的情绪状态，思想与行为也与该种情绪状态保持一致。经历轻躁狂的人经常满脑子充斥着主意，偶尔也有些稍显夸张地想法与见解。它与躁狂(mania)的本质区别在于前者没有精神症状，以及它对生活功能影响要轻微的多。轻躁狂是双向情感障碍II型与躁郁症的特征。轻躁狂对于创造力以及旺盛精力也有相当益处。许多人宣称轻躁狂是他们取得成功的门径，一大批富有创造力的天才也被证实有轻躁狂经历。轻躁狂的症状包括舒适愉悦的心情，不断涌现的创造力，无尽的精力，以及对于获取成功的渴望和驱动。与其他心境障碍不同，受到轻躁狂影响的人群变得更有生活追求，大量成功人士感谢轻躁狂对于他们最终获取成功的帮助。

可能的益处
有轻躁狂症状的人群通常显得富有精力、欣悦、有远见，充斥着满脑子的主意，有时也会自负，富有号召力。与躁狂症不一样，他们完全有能力以一致的行为与思想参与到日常生活中。一个处于轻躁狂中的人不会惧怕、疑虑以及阻断社会生活。经历轻躁狂的人是典型的“聚会生活”(life of the party)人士。他们乐意与陌生人交流，为困难提出解决方案，并在琐事中得到快乐。

与其他心境障碍的关系
如果不经治疗，轻躁狂有可能逐渐滑向到躁狂症，也就是双向情感障碍I型（请参考“激发模型”一章）。

激发模型
“激发模型”是一种假设，它提出多次的激发可能导致激发门槛的降低，以及程度的增强。它曾被用于大脑的研究。
该模型在人类身上的适用性存在有证据的争议。在人类身上，一些心境障碍在多次发作后，会自行消失。但是，人类癫痫症和动物的一些心境障碍实验，符合“激发模型”的模式。
“激发模型”于上个世纪60年代由 Goddard 及其同事提出。尽管这个模型被越来越广泛的应用，但它在人类身上始终存在争议。

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypomania
Hypomania (literally, below mania) is a mood state characterized by persistent and pervasive elevated or irritable mood, and thoughts and behaviors that are consistent with such a mood state. People experiencing hypomanic symptoms typically have a flood of ideas, and sometimes mildly grandiose thoughts and visions. It is distinguished from mania by the absence of psychotic symptoms and by its lower degree of impact on functioning. Hypomania is a feature of two mood disorders: bipolar II disorder and cyclothymia. Hypomania can also have a benefit in creativity and productive energy. Many have cited it as a gateway to their success, and a large number of people with creative talents have experienced hypomania or other symptoms of bipolar disorder. Classic symptoms of hypomania include mild euphoria, a flood of ideas, endless energy, and a desire and drive for success. Unlike a lot of other mood disorders, people suffering from hypomania tend to be extremely goal oriented and many successful people have credited bipolar disorder in their successes.

Possible Benefit
People with hypomania are generally perceived as being energetic, euphoric, visionary, overflowing with new ideas, and sometimes over-confident and very charismatic. Unlike full-blown mania, they are sufficiently capable of coherent thought and action to participate in everyday activities. A person in the state of hypomania might be immune to fear and doubt and have little social inhibition. People experiencing hypomania are the typical "life of the party". They may talk to strangers easily, offer solutions to problems, and find pleasure in small activities.

Relationships with Disorders
If left untreated, hypomania can slip deeper and deeper into mania ,in which case, Bipolar I Disorder is often diagnosed.(See also, Kindling model)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kindling_model
Kindling Model
It has been reported that repeated seizure stimulation can result in spontaneous seizures, but studies have had conflicting findings on this question.[1] In humans, some seizure disorders come to an end by themselves even after large numbers of seizures.[1] However, in both human epilepsy and in some animal models, evidence suggests that a process like that found in kindling does occur.[1]
The kindling model was first proposed in the late 1960s by Goddard and colleagues.[6] Although kindling is widely a widely used model, its applicability to human epilepsy is controversial.[1]