今日职场--英语学习系列

欣弃羁

四．今日职场
面试指南，助你轻松过面试关
导读：面试就如学生离开校园后的又一场考试，如何在面试中表现自我，在每次机会中都不留有遗憾呢？
难度指数：：★★★★☆
Being prepared for the job interview will show prospective employers you ARE the right
choice. Dress for success, and have the right attitude to ace
that interview.
Dress
Appropriately
So often this simple advice is overlooked. You must find a balance between dressing for
the job and dressing for the interview. And yes, for that office job, it is suggested you
wear what you'd wear to work. Programmers can usually still wear clean and neat jeans,
but it does depend on the company. Generally speaking, it is still best to dress for success
- that is, a suit or jacket and appropriate bottoms.
Careful on the jewellery - not too outlandish
- just keep it simple. But if you're going for
a creative position, be creative! (just don't overdo it). Get the idea? Dress for the job, but
keep it somewhat formal. The idea here is to dress for success!
Be
Prepared
For
The
Interview
Bring copies of your resume and cover letter to hand out to the interviewers. Not everyone
may have a copy handy. Don't forget your handy Business Cards - they will help the
interviewers to remember you, especially in a favourable light.
Create and use a summary skill sheet - this is for your own use only! You can use it as sort
of a cue card or "study sheet" - to remind yourself of important points you want to include
in the interview. This sheet will also help you answer those tough interview questions
about yourself.
Of course, you have researched the company, haven't you? Understand the company's
mission statement, or basic workings of the company.
Put
Yourself
In
An
Appropriate
Mind
Set
This means: relax but be confident! Use calming techniques such as deep breathes and
visualization before the interview to keep your mind and body in
tune
. Be confident you
will get the job! Put a smile on your face and in your voice: show them you are an upbeat
person and the right candidate for this job! Your attitude will go a long way in getting you
the job. Who would you rather work with - someone who has all the qualifications but is
miserable to work with, or someone who is willing to do what it takes to get the job done -
with a smile?
Remember - you DID get the interview - so you DO have the right qualifications!
ace
v.（俚）占据优势
outlandish
adj. 稀奇古怪的
mindset
n. 心态
keep
…
in
tune
合拍
upbeat
adj.乐观的，欢快的
在面试前做好准备，这能让面试你的未来雇主觉得选你就选对人了。穿着得体，在面试中表现出正确的态
度，你就能赢得此次面试了。
穿着得体
这条建议再简单不过，但却经常被忽视。你必须在工作着装和面试着装之间找到一个平衡。是的，对
于办公室工作，建议你穿的跟平时工作一样就可以了。程序员通常还是穿干净整洁的牛仔裤，但这也要看
是什么公司了。一般来说，最好还是穿着得体——也就是说，套装或短上衣搭配适合的长裤。
慎用首饰——不可太稀奇古怪——简单点就可以了。但如果你要应聘的是需要创造的职位，穿着也要
有创意！（但不要太过火）明白了吗？为这份工作而穿着，但还要看起来正式。这边要告诉你的就是成功
衣着。
为面试做好准备
准备简历以及求职信的副本，呈递给面试官。不是每个人手边都会有一份副本。别忘了随手递上名片
——这会让面试官记住你，尤其当他们对你赞赏有佳的时候。
创建并使用一份能力简介表格——这是给你自己用的！你可以把它作为类似提示卡或者“学习表”来使
用——以便提示你自己在面试中要注意的重点。此表格也会帮助你回答面试中针对你的难题。
当然，你已经研究过这个公司了，对吗？了解该公司的企业使命，或者该公司基本工作。
让自己有正确的思维方式
这意味着：要放松但保持自信心！在面试之前，想办法让自己冷静，以便调试好身心，如深呼吸、联
想画面。要对自己有信心，一定会得到这份工作的！面带微笑，声音愉悦：向他们展示你的乐观向上，是
这个工作的不二人选！你的态度将会对你得到这份工作大有帮助。你更愿意与谁一起工作——那种全能，
但却很难与之配合的，还是那种为了完成工作愿意全力付出，且面带微笑的人呢？
请记住——你已经获得了面试机会——你确实拥有获得这份工作的实力！
亲吻巧言石：10
大方法改善沟通（上）
Kissing
Blarney
Stone:
Ways
to
Improve
Communication
Skills
（I
）
Note: The Blarney Stone is a historical stone, or actually part of the Blarney Castle in
Ireland where it was believed that kissing the stone can grant you the gift of gab (great
eloquence or skill at flattery).
注：巧言石是一块具有历史意义的石头。实际上，它是爱尔兰布拉尼城堡的一部分，相传亲吻此石后即变
得能说会道（善于花言巧语）。
There will always be people who seem to have the ‘gift of the gab’ — they can talk their
way into any job, out of any awkward situation and make others laugh. It seems effortless
on their part but there is a lot more for you to know about conversation than you may
realize. Talk shows; radio programs; public speaking; ordinary conversations; certain rules
still apply when it comes to interaction through words.
It may sound tedious, I know, but even though it’s your mouth that’s doing the work, your
brain works extra hard to produce a lot of things you know.
So what better way to start being a more effective communicator than knowing the very
person closest to you: yourself.
1. What You Know
Education is all about learning the basics, but to be a confident and effective orator
is to
practice what you’ve learned.
2. Listening
It’s just as important as asking questions. Practice listening to yourself. Sometimes just by
listening to the sound of your own voice you can become more confident in yourself and
say the things you believe in with conviction.
3. Humility
We are only too human and therefore we all make mistakes. It’s not uncommon to slur
our words, stutter, and probably mispronounce certain words even though we know what
it means. So don’t be afraid to ask if you’re saying the right word properly and if the
audience is unsure about it then you can always make a joke out of it.
4. Eye Contact
It’s important that you keep eye contact when talking to a large group in a meeting or a
gathering, as it conveys confidence and ensures your audience does not ignore you.
5. Humor
A little bit of humor can do wonders to lift the tension, or worse boredom when making
your speech, especially when the topic is heavy or the speech long. Also if your speech is
after several other speakers, the audience may already be half asleep. With humor, you’ll
get the attention of the majority of the crowd and they’ll feel that you’re just as
approachable, and as human as those who listen.
orator:
n.演说者, 演讲者, 雄辩家
slur:
v. 含糊不清地说话
总有那么一些人似乎“能说会道”- 他们不仅能够用自己的方式谈论任何事情，摆脱任何困境，还总是能够
逗得别人发笑。对他们来说，这一切似乎都来得不费摧毁之力。但是，除了你可能已经了解到的会谈要诀
外，还有更多有关会谈方面的知识是你必须知道的。谈话节目；广播节目；公共演讲；普通会话；当通过
文字互动时，需要应用到一些特定的规则。
我知道，这听起来可能会有点单调乏味，但是即便只是你的嘴巴在进行演讲，你的大脑也还是在极为努力
地运转着，在脑海中衍生你所熟知的许多东西。
所以，对于学习如何成为一名令人更为印象深刻的交流者来说，还有比了解最接近你的那个人-你自己本人，
来得更好的方式么？
1.
你知道什么
教育只是学习基本知识。但是，如何成为一名既自信又令人印象深刻的演讲者却是如何将你所学过的
知识进行实践应用。
2.
倾听
倾听和发问来得一样重要。练习倾听你自己的声音。有时候只要通过倾听你自己的声音，你就会对自
己感到更加自信，并敢于说出你自己深信不疑的东西。
3.
谦卑
我们都非圣人，所以我们所有人都会犯错。我们都会含糊发音，说话口吃或可能发错音，即便我们知
道这都意味着什么，这些现象都是司空见惯的。所以，请不要害怕询问你是否用适当的方式说出了正确的
词语。此外，通常当听众对这个词并不确定时，你也可以对此一笑置之。
4.
目光接触
在会议或聚会上同一大群听众谈话时，必须同听众保持目光上地接触，这一点尤为重要。因为目光接
触不仅能够传达自信，还能保证你的听众不会忽视你。
5.
幽默
进行演讲时，特别是当演讲的主题很是沉重或是演讲过于冗长时，一点点小幽默确实对提高紧张度或
消除讨厌的厌恶感具有意想不到的效果。同样地，如果你是在众多演讲者之后才开始演讲的话，听众们可
能早已处在半昏睡的状态了。但是，只要使用一些小幽默，大部分的听众将会对你的演讲给予一定的关注。
此外，他们还将觉得你同听众们来得一样地平易近人，一样地人性化。
亲吻巧言石：10
大方法改善沟通（下）
Kissing
Blarney
Stone:
Ways
to
Improve
Communication
Skills
（II
）
Note: The Blarney Stone is a historical stone, or actually part of the Blarney Castle in
Ireland where it was believed that kissing the stone can grant you the gift of gab (great
eloquence or skill at flattery).
注：巧言石是一块具有历史意义的石头。实际上，它是爱尔兰布拉尼城堡的一部分，相传亲吻此石后即变
得能说会道（善于花言巧语）。
6.
Social
Interaction
Interaction is all about mingling
with
other people. You’ll get a lot of ideas, as well as
knowing what makes people the way they are.
7.
Me,
Myself,
and
I
Ever sung to yourself in the shower, or bath? By listening to the sound of your own voice
while you practice your speech you can help correct the stress areas of your pitch.
8.
With
a
Smile
A smile can say it all very much like eye contact, as long as it’s natural and not forced.
There
’
s
no
point
on
grimacing
or frowning in a meeting or a gathering, unless it’s a
funeral. You can better express what you’re saying when you smile and people will warm
to you more.
9.
A
Role
Model
There must be at least one or two people in your life you have listened to when they’re at
a public gathering and whom you have admired. Taking a mental note of how they
emphasized what they said and what reaction they got can help you once you take center
stage.
10.
Preparation
Preparation is everything and will show in your speech. Some people like to write things
down on index cards, while others learn the speech verbatim
. Just be comfortable with
what you know and what works for you.
And that about sums it up. These are only suggestions though and they may seem rather
amateurish
, but they have helped me in any public or private speaking. It also never
hurts to be with people and listen how they make conversations and meetings far more
enjoyable as well as educational. Copy from the best.
mingle
with
混合，和…在一起
There
’
s
no
point
(in)
doing
sth
没有必要/意义做某事
grimace
v.扮苦相
verbatim
adj./adv. 逐字的（地）
6.
社会互动
互动即为同其他人的交融。你将会获得许多的想法。同样地，你也会知道究竟是什么让人们变为现在
所见的那个样子。
7.
我，我自己/
我本人
你曾经在淋浴或洗澡时对自己唱过歌么？练习演讲时，可通过倾听自己的声音帮助你调节音调的强调
部分。
8.
面带微笑
只要自然并主动地微笑，微笑可说同目光接触来得一样地举足轻重。除非是在葬礼上，否则在会议或
是聚会上没有理由一脸痛苦或郁闷。当你微笑时，你不仅能够更好地表达你所要说的东西，人们也将会更
热情地回应你。
9.
行为榜样
在你生活中至少得有一个或两个的人可作为你的行为榜样。这些榜样必须是你在公共聚会上见过他们
演讲，并且对他们赞赏有加的人。有意识地记住他们强调所要表达内容的方式及他们所做的反应。一旦你
站上舞台中心时，这这些对你来说都是极其有帮助的。
10.
准备
准备是一切的基础。你的演讲是否准备充分，这在演讲中将会体现出来。有些人习惯只在索引卡上写
下一些纲要，但有些人习惯逐字逐句地背下演讲稿。哪种方式为你熟知，哪种方式对你有效，你就采用哪
种方式吧。
最后为总结。尽管只有一些建议，并且看上去相当业余，但是，不论是在公共还是在私人的演讲会上，
它们确实让我受益匪浅。在人们身边，倾听他们如何使谈话或会议变得更加愉快且富有教育意义，这一点
百利而无一害。仿效最佳做法吧。
ence.
How
to
be
a
good
manager:
Be
generous
如何成为一个好的经理：学会慷慨
今日导读：本文为如何成为一个受人尊敬的好经理提出了深刻的建议，或许其中的问题就是你现在或将来
所要面对的。
难度指数：★★★★☆
There are a lot of rules for first-time managers. For example, never hold a meeting without
an agenda, because if you don’t know what you’re going to do there, then no one else will
know what you’re doing, either. But the rule about agendas is a great example, because,
like most rules for good management, it is about being kind.
Your job as a manager is to make sure your employees are growing and learning and
enjoying their time at work. Bringing them to a meeting without an agenda is wasting their
time, and that is disrespectful. A meeting without an agenda is like saying, “My time is so
much more important than yours that instead of taking time to prepare, I’m going to
figure out what we’re doing in real-time, and you will sit here and watch me.”
So the first rule, and probably the only rule of management, is to be respectful. A lot of
questions I get from managers can be answered the same way: ask yourself if you are
really being respectful.
Example:
Manager: My employees are totally unmotivated. What can I do?
Advice: Do you give them work that respects their intelligence or is the work you give
them crappy
?
Manager: There’s nothing I can do. Someone has to do the low level work.
Advice: People are much more motivated to do totally boring work (as a favor to you) if
they feel respected by you in other ways. So give them good mentoring
and pay
attention to building their skills.
Real managing is about growth and caring. It’s about taking time to see what skills people
need to develop to move in the direction they want to move, and then helping them get
those skills. This means that you need to sit with the person and find out what matters to
them. And then you need to sit with yourself and figure out how you can help the person.
Most people don’t see management as listening and thinking, but that’s what it is. Because
that’s what caring about someone looks like.
A good manager pops up all the time, just to check in. Not because you are
micromanaging and you don’t trust anyone around you. But because you can’t know how
to help people if you don’t know how they are doing. And take time to chat when things
are going fine, because that’s when it’s clear that you’re just talking because you care as
much about the person as the work they’re doing.
Once you get to the point where you are connecting with the people you manage, and you
are helping them get what they want from their job, you are in a position to change the
world. Really.
All this reminds me of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. As a psychologist, he developed a
theory to describe the path people take to address first their core needs, and then
eventually to achieve their ultimate need for a life of self-actualization:
Physiological – food, water, sleep
Safety – security of body, health, resources
Love and belonging – family, friends, sexual intimacy
Esteem – self-confidence, respect of others, respect by others
Self-actualization – morality, creativity, problem solving
So really, management is an opportunity to self-actualize. Some people will self-actualize
by being artists, or writing code. Some people will self-actualize through management.
Some, a combination.
crappy
adj. 蹩脚的，没有任何价值的
mentor
v. 作为（另一个人）的指导
对于第一次做经理的人来说有很多规则。例如，不要在没有议事日程的情况下开会。因为你不知道你
能在会议上做什么，也没有人会告诉你。但是，类似议事日程的规则却是一个很好的例子。因为，就如同
大多数出色管理的规则一样，需要做的就是保持仁慈。
作为经理，你应该保证你的员工获得成长和学习，同时享受着他们的工作。在没有议程安排的情况下
开会是在浪费他们的时间，这是无礼的。没有议程的会议就像是对大家说，“我的时间比你们的重要多了，
所以与其浪费时间准备还不如看看我们在现实中我们能做些什么，大家坐好，看着我。”
所以，这是第一条，而且也可能是企业管理的唯一信条，那就是要使自己值得尊敬。很多来自经理方
面的问题都可以用同样的答案回答：问一问你自己, 你是值得尊敬的吗？
例如：
经理：我的职员一点都不积极。我该怎么办？
建议：你给他们安排了和他们能力相称的工作了吗？或者说你给他们的工作是一堆垃圾？
经理：没有办法。总要有人做最基层的工作。
我： (对你也是一样的)在某种程度上说，如果人们觉得在某些方面是被你尊重的，他们在做无聊的事情的
时候也会是很主动地。所以给他们正确的指导，注意发展他们的长处。
真正的经理是和成长和关怀联系在一起的。他会花时间看看熟悉业务的员工自己需要哪个方向的发
展，然后帮助他们获取这些技能。这就意味着你必须坐下和员工交谈找出他们的需求，然后独自思考看看
你能怎样帮到他们。大多数人认为管理不在于倾听和思考，但事实上，倾听和思考这才是管理的真正含义
所在。因为他关心的是人到底如何了。
一个好的经理常常冲出办公室，只是为了检查工作。不是因为你的管理很是琐碎，或者是你并不相信
周围的人，而是因为如果你不知道他们在做些什么，你就不知道如何帮到他们。当事情进展顺利时，找时
间和员工聊聊。因为这时清楚地表明，你关心他们本人和关心他们的工作一样多。
一旦你开始站在这样的立场，了解你所管理的人们，帮助他们在他们的工作中得到他们想拥有的，你便站
在可以挑战世界的位置上。这是千真万确的。
所有的一切都提醒我想起马斯洛的需求层次理论。作为一个心理学家，他发展了一种理论来描述人们
走向满足他们的核心需求的道路，最后达到他们实现自我的终极需求。
生理需要----食物，水，睡眠
安全需要----身体安全，健康，资源
爱和归属感需要----家庭，朋友，爱人
自尊需要----自信，尊敬他人，他人尊敬。
自我实现需要-----道德感、创造力, 解决问题能力
所以，管理确实是一个实现自我的机会。有些人通过成为艺术家，作家来实现自我。有些人则通过管
理。而有些，则是两者的中和。
5
Reasons
You
Should
Quit
Your
Job
5
个应辞职之由
我认识的每个人都有份工作；有些好有些坏。我假想你们中的大多数也都有工作。在这样或那样的时
候，你可能会有杀进你老板的办公室然后彻彻底底的离开这个公司的冲动。然而，除了不停在脑中念咒般
的重复那句“我不喜欢这个工作”以外，还有个更好的理由吗？也许吧。
今天我们就来谈谈哪些是可接受的让你放弃现在工作的理由吧。下周我们再浏览下稿子，再讨论讨论
你不该辞职的理由。
因此，让我们来通览下可能导致你辞职的五种情形吧。虽然当中可能没有一个足以证明正确合理，可
那些5 个里面就占3 个的人可能就处于辞职之边缘了。
你讨厌你所做的工作
你真的愿意把接下来的几年时间都花费在做你非常厌恶的事情之上吗？那会让你开心吗？当然，你的
薪水很可能会很可观，但是我很想告诉你：如果你现在就很讨厌你正在做的事情了，你的潜力是有限的，
事实上你不放弃这份工作让你失去了更多。
工作不够挑战
很多人由于自己都很懒，于是更倾向于将自己限于一份毫无挑战性的工作中，平庸的度过每天。你不
能成为这些人中的一员（你愿意吗？）。深深自省下自我吧。挑战并不等同于压力，不要害怕放开自我去
接受更多的挑战和责任。
你不喜欢与你一起公事的人
由于个人的生产力水平是有限的，若你并不乐于和他们公事，想要取得最佳的工作业绩是很难的。我们都
会在工作中与人争吵，但是如果仅仅因为他们而让你每天的工作象繁杂家务般，可真是时候该好好想想了。
在这里我们说的可能是你的同事也可能是你的上司，这都无关紧要。底线是如果你不能够和他们友好相处
下去，那你最好还是试试看别的是否合适吧。
你对工资不满意
你对现在的薪水不满意吗？你想知道和你做同样工作的人在这一行拿多少钱吗？虽然金钱并不是幸
福的关键，可当你知道对街的那家公司会多付你10000 美圆时，这还是件挺开心的事情的。有一个叫
Indeed 的网站有种比较工具,可以给你所在职业薪水提供初步的比较数据。你可以去查查那个，但是要注
意你不该仅因为担心或者缺少信心而常常逗留此处。若事情真是这样，那知识便是力量。
无提升空间
不停的重复的做一件事情而且从来不会发展到下一步，这样的事情听起来会很吸引人吗？当然不会
了，而且你大可以放心，如果那没有任何可以让你想要做的更好的理由，那么你肯定不会做好。
不管你选择从什么角度观察现状，你肯定不会因一份没有工作动力的工作而开心。因此，再显然不过
了，我肯定你知道下一步你该做什么了。
那么，你怎么想的呢？上面几条中有几个适用于你呢？如果你占了其中4 或5 条，你准备重新找份工
作或者是计划自己创业了呢？如果不，是什么阻止了你呢？
Everyone that I know has a job; some are good some are bad. I'd imagine that most of
you have jobs as well. At some point or another, you will get the itch to storm into your
boss' office and leave, once and for all. However, is there a good reason aside from the, "I
don't like it" mantra repeating itself in your brain? Perhaps.
Today we'll discuss some reasons why it may be acceptable to leave your current job. Next
week, we'll flip the script and discuss reasons why you won't quit.
So with that, let's go through five situations that may cause you to quit. While none of
these may be strong enough to hold water on its own, those of you that go 3 outta 5 may
be at the tipping point.
You Hate What You're Doing
Do you really want to spend the next years doing something you absolutely hate? Will that
make you happy? Sure, your paycheck could be decent, but I'll tell you this much: if you
currently hate what you're doing then, as far as your potential is concerned, you are
leaving a lot on the table by not quitting your job.
It's Not Challenging Enough
A lot of folks, due to the fact that they're as lazy as it gets, prefer to limit themselves to a
job that allows them to coast through each day unchallenged. You cannot be one of these
people (could you?). Look deep down inside yourself. Challenging doesn't equal stressful to
don't be afraid to open yourself up to more responsibility.
You Don't Like The People You Work With
As your personal productivity level is concerned, it will be very difficult to maximize results
if you are not exactly thrilled about the people you work with. We all have quarrels with
people at work but if going to work becomes a chore simply because of the people, it's
time to give it some thought. We could be talking about fellow employees or we could be
talking about your boss, it really doesn't matter. The bottom line is that if you are not able
to get along with them then you are most likely better off trying something else on for size.
You Are Not Satisfied Financially
Are you not satisfied with your current paycheck? Do you know how it stacks up with other
people in the industry doing the same thing? While money is not the key to happiness, it's
nice to know if the company across the street would pay you an extra $10K for doing the
same thing. A site named Indeed has a comparison tool that will give you some
preliminary data comparison for your position. Check that out but the point is that you
should never make the mistake of sticking around simply because you are afraid or lack
the confidence. When it comes to this point, knowledge is power.
There Are No Promotion Opportunities
Does the thought of doing the same thing over and over again and never taking things to
the next level sound all that appealing? Of course not, and you can rest assured that, if
there's absolutely nothing which motivates you to become better at what you're doing, you
simply won't.
No matter what angle you choose to view the situation from, you will never be truly happy
with a job which doesn't motivate you enough. As a result, I'm sure that it's more than
obvious what you should be doing next.
So what do you think? How many of these apply to you? If it's 4 or 5 are you already
looking for a new job or planning to start a business? If not, what is holding you back?