Lithium induced toxicity in rats: blood serum chemistry, antioxidative enzymes in red blood cells and histopathological studies.
Ahmad M1, Elnakady Y, Farooq M, Wadaan M.
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Abstract
Lithium is commonly used in treating mental disorders and bipolar diseases. As physicians frequently keep the patients on long-term lithium therapy, awareness of the numerous side effects and pathogenesis of this lightest alkali metal is needed for such treatments. The present study was designed to evaluate the toxic effect of small doses of lithium chloride in male Wistar rats. The oral administration of lithium chloride (15, 30 mg/kg body wt) for 7 weeks through their drinking water elicited a significant alteration in their body weight and blood serum chemistry. The serum enzyme levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), high density lipoprotein (HDLP), and creatinine kinase (CK) were diminished, whereas the level of serum urea and glucose were elevated in the lithium treated animals, depicting the disturbed general physiological status. Furthermore, a marked inhibition in the levels of serum alanine and aspartate transaminases (ALT and AST) reflected a stimulating transamination reaction in hepatic and renal tissues. Lithium exposure also reduced the glutathione (GSH) level and stimulated the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in the rat blood cells, indicating oxidative stress in the red blood cells due to lithium exposures. The histopathological observations of the liver and kidney tissues revealed many deformities and histological alterations due to lithium treatment. The results of present study suggest that small doses of lithium induce toxicity in rat blood as well as in liver and kidney tissues. However, the precise mechanism of lithium toxicity is still incompletely understood.
锂诱导的大鼠毒性：红血细胞的血清化学，抗氧化酶活性及组织病理学研究。
艾哈迈德M1，elnakady Y，法鲁克m，wadaan M.
作者信息
摘要
锂常用于治疗精神障碍和双相性疾病。由于医生经常保持对长期锂治疗的患者，这是最轻的碱金属的许多副作用和发病机制的认识是必要的，这样的治疗。本研究的目的是评估小剂量雄性Wistar大鼠氯化锂的毒性作用。口服氯化锂（30，15毫克/公斤体重）7周，通过他们的饮用水引起了显着的改变，他们的体重和血清化学。的血清酶水平的碱性磷酸酶（ALP），高密度脂蛋白（HDLP），肌酸激酶（CK）的减少，而血清尿素和葡萄糖水平升高在锂治疗的动物，描绘扰动一般生理状态。此外，一个显着的抑制血清丙氨酸和天冬氨酸转氨酶（ALT、AST）反映了刺激的转氨基反应在肝、肾组织。锂盐也减少谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平和脂质过氧化物（LPO）刺激的大鼠血细胞水平，说明由于锂暴露在红血细胞的氧化应激。肝和肾组织的组织病理学观察发现，由于锂治疗的许多畸形和组织学改变。本研究的结果表明，小剂量的锂引起的毒性在大鼠血液中，以及在肝和肾组织。然而，锂毒性的确切机制尚不完全清楚。 作者: 燕七 时间: 15-7-3 22:40
